Medication math can be a challenging task, especially for those who aren't confident in their mathematical abilities. However, it is an essential skill for emergency medical technicians (EMTs) who need to administer medication to their patients. Ensuring the correct dose of medication is crucial for both pediatric and adult patients.
Determining the correct dose starts by calculating the patient's weight. To convert pounds to kilograms, divide the weight in pounds by 2.2. For example, if a patient weighs 150 pounds, they would weigh approximately 68 kilograms (150 lbs / 2.2 = 68 kg).
Calculating the correct dose often involves using milligrams per kilogram (mg/kg). This means that the dosage is based on the patient's weight in kilograms. For instance, if the desired dosage is 2mg/kg and the patient weighs 50kg, the total dose would be 100mg (2 mg/kg x 50 kg = 100mg).
Knowing the correct dosage and route of administration (e.g., oral, intramuscular, intravenous) for each medication is crucial as well.
Once you have determined the correct dose, calculating the required volume is necessary. To calculate the volume, you need to know the strength of the medication, usually measured in milligrams per milliliter (mg/mL). Divide the mg/kg dosage by the medication's strength to obtain the required volume. For instance, if the medication strength is 5mg/mL and the patient's mg/kg dosage is 2, the required volume would be 0.4mL (2 / 5 = 0.4 mL).
While weight is a primary factor in medication dosages, it's important to consider other factors such as age, medical history, and current condition, which can also influence the correct dosage. In some cases, adjustments may need to be made based on these factors.
Medication errors can have serious consequences, so it is crucial to be vigilant. Always double-check your calculations and utilize tools like calculators or dosing charts when available. It's also helpful to have a partner double-check your calculations. If you are unsure about calculating the correct dosage, seek clarification or guidance from healthcare professionals, rather than guessing.
The best book on the market I found so far is Kaplan's EMS Dosage Calculation it provides clear concept review, practice questions, and detailed explanations to help you master the math you need to correctly administer medications. Whether you're an EMT or a paramedic, this practical guide provides expert advice for learning and practicing dosage calculation.
Mastering medication math is an essential skill for healthcare professionals. Correct dosage and volume are vital for safe and effective medication administration. While it may seem overwhelming initially, with practice, it becomes more manageable. By following these tips, you can ensure that you are administering medication safely and effectively, ultimately promoting the health and well-being of your patients.
Diving into the world of emergency response can be exhilarating, daunting, and everything in between. But remember, you're never alone in this journey. To ensure you're equipped with the latest tips, suggestions, and camaraderie, there's no better place to be than with your peers. That's why we invite you to join our Facebook group so wittingly called, After AVPU. It is dedicated to medical first responder knowledge. Here, the exchange of information is limitless, and you'll find discussions that directly address how to polish your skills and learn from others' experiences. Click the link to fly straight into our caring community. Connect with fellow first responders and elevate your skills today!
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